jk"Vªh; efgyk
vk;ksx ds dk;Zdj.k ij ,d utj
eerk fdj.kA çkphu Hkkjr esa efgyk ds lEeku dh vo/kkj.k dks
é ;= uk;ZLrq iwT;Urs jeUrs r= nsork é bl Üyksd ds ek/;e ls
le>k tk ldrk gS A efgyk,a Hkh gj ;qx esa lEeku dk ik= cuus
ls ihNs ugÈ jgÈA bfrgkl xokg gS fd thou ds gj {ks= esa
efgykvksa us viuk vHkwriwoZ ;ksxnku fn;k gS] ogÈ ;g Hkh lp
gS fd gj ;qx esa efgykvksa ij vR;kpkj gksrs jgs gSa] mUgsa
vfXuijh{kk vkSj phjgj.k ls xqtjuk iM+k gS vkSj ,d nkSj ,slk
Hkh vk;k tc mls ?kwa?kV esa jgus dks foo'k fd;k x;k rFkk
mudk lkjk vfLrRo ?kj dh pkjnhokjh esa fleV dj jg x;k A
Lora= Hkkjr esa efgyk dk lEeku ykSVkus dk ç;kl fd;k x;k gS
A ,sls dkuwu cuk;s x;s gSa] ftuls mls cjkcj dk vf/kdkj
feys A ysfdu bu lcds ckotwn mlds çfr u;s&u;s :i esa vijk/k
tUe ysrs jgs gSaA HkkSfrdoknh laL—fr ds çHkko esa O;fä dh
ctk; oLrq ds :i esa mldk mi;ksx c<rk+ x;k gS A
us'kuy Økbe fjdkMZ C;wjks dh ,d fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj çfr 9
feuV ij ,d efgyk mRihM+u dk f'kdkj gksrh gS rks çfr 14
feuV esa ,d efgyk ds lkFk NsM+NkM+ gksrh gS A çfr 78 feuV
esa ,d efgyk ngst ds dkj.k ekjh tkrh gS rks çfr 45 feuV
esa ,d efgyk dk vigj.k gksrk gS A çfr 29 feuV ij ,d efgyk
cykRdkj dh f'kdkj gksrh gS rks çfr 58 feuV ij ,d efgyk dk
;kSu mRihM+u gksrk gS A 10 çfr'kr efgyk,a ifr;ksa }kjk
ihVh tkrh gSa rks 37 çfr'kr efgyk,a ?kjsyw Çglk dk f'kdkj
gksrh gSa A
jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx dk xBu
efgykvksa ij c<rs+ vR;kpkj vkSj lkekU; dkuwuksa dh
vleFkZrk dks ns[krs gq, jk"Vªh; Lrj ij efgykvksa ds
laj{k.k ds fy, ,d laoS/kkfud laLFkk ds :i esa jk"Vªh;
efgyk vk;ksx dk xBu 31 tuojh] 1992 dks t;Urh iVuk;d dh
v/;{krk esa fd;k x;kA bldk xBu us'kuy deh'ku vkWQ ohesu ,DV
1990 ds rgr fd;k x;k] ftldk mís'; Fkk &
/ efgykvksa ds fy, laoS/kkfud vkSj dkuwuh laj{k.k dk
iqujkoyksdu A
/ efgykvksa dh n'kk esa lq/kkj gsrq vko';d oS/kkfud dneksa
dh flQkfj'k djukA
/ efgykvksa dh f'kdk;rksa ds fuokj.k esa ennxkj gksuk A
/ efgykvksa dks çHkkfor djus okys lHkh uhfrxr ekeyksa esa
ljdkj dks lykg nsukA
vk;ksx esa v/;{k ds vykok ikap lnL; gksrs gSa] tks Hkkjr
ljdkj }kjk ukfer gksrs gSa A blds vykok ,d lnL; lfpo gksrk
gS] tks ç'kklfud ,oa laxBukRed vuqHko j[krk gS A
dy rd tks ihfM+r efgyk,a ?kqV?kqVdj thus dks foo'k Fkh]
fu'p; gh jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx ds xBu ls mu efgykvksa esa
vk'kk ds nhi tys gSa A vkt og fu%ladksp U;k; ikus ds fy,
vk;ksx dk njoktk [kV[kVk jgh gSA ns'kHkj ls ;gka f'kdk;rsa
ntZ gksrh gS A f'kdk;r fdlh Hkh çdkj ls ntZ djokbZ tk ldrh
gS A vk;ksx ls lEc) dksvkfMZusVj Hkkouk dqekj ds vuqlkj] é
pkgs [kqn vkdj f'kdk;r ntZ djk;sa ;k fQj Mkd] QSDl] bZ&esy
vkSj VsyhQksu ds tfj;s A vk;ksx esa yhxy lsy gS] tks dbZ
ekeyksa esa t:jr iM+us ij dkuwuh lykg nsrk gS A blds vykok
fjlpZ lsy efgykvksa ds vf/kdkjksa vkSj efgyk eqíksa ls
lacaf/kr ekeyksa ds fy, 'kks/k djokrk gS A
f'kdk;r dk fuiVkjk
vk;ksx dh lnL;k ;kLehu vcjkj crkrh gSa] é f'kdk;r ntZ
gksus ds ckn Fkzw pSuy mldh tkap gksrh gS A tkap ds ckn ;gka
lquokbZ djrs gSa A lquokbZ ds nkSjku gekjh dksf'k'k le>kSrk
djkus dh gksrh gS vkSj le>kSrk u gksus dh fLFkfr esa
nksuksa i{kksa dks vyx&vyx funZs'k nsrs gSa A é vk;ksx dh
,d vU; lnL;k eatw Lusgyrk crkrh gSa] évkfnoklh bykdksa dh
lcls cM+h leL;k tehu dks ysdj gS vkSj blls lacaf/kr muds
cgqr lkjs ekeys gksrs gSaA ,slh fLFkfr esa ge yksx tu
lquokbZ djrs gSaA tu lquokbZ esa ml txg ds ,l ih] fMfLVªDV
eftLVªsV ;k fMfLVªDV tt dks cqykrs gSa vkSj nksuksa i{kksa
dks cqykdj ml ekeys dks ogÈ fuiVk nsrs gSa Aé
tkx:drk
;kLehu vcjkj ds vuqlkj] é iapksa&ljiapksa dks feykdj xkao&xkao]
<ka.kh&<ka.kh ;s lans'k igqapk jgs gSa fd efgyk,a vius vf/kdkjksa
ds ckjs esa tkusa A og ?kj dh pkjnhokjh ls ckgj fudysa
vkSj vius gdksa dh ekax djsaA efgyk,a miHkksx dh oLrq ugÈ
gSa] ftls dksbZ Hkh mi;ksx esa ys vkSj fQj NksM+ ns A muds
fy, tkx:drk dk;ZØe gS & pyks xkao dh vksj A blds vykok
dkuwu ds ckjs esa tkx:drk f'kfoj] lsfeukj] lEesyu]
dk;Z'kkykvksa ds tfj, Hkh efgykvksa dks f'kf{kr fd;k tkrk
gS Aé
jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx dh miyfC/k;ka vkSj ;kstuk,a
ns'k dh efgykvksa dh utjsa jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx dh vksj
fVdh gSa A Ms< n'k+d gks jgk gS bldks xfBr gq, A bl nkSjku
vk;ksx dh D;k miyfC/k;ka jgh gSa \ fdu dkuwuksa ij dke gks
jgk gS vkSj fdu ij gksus okyk gS \ bl laca/k esa jk"Vªh;
efgyk vk;ksx dh orZeku v/;{krk MkW fxfjtk O;kl crkrh gSa]
é fiNys nks o"kZ esa ge yksxksa us 22 u;s dkuwu cuk;s gSa
vkSj dqN dkuwuksa dks geus iqujh{kk dh gS rFkk dqN
dkuwuksa esa ekStwnk dfe;ksa ds fo"k; esa ljdkj dks çLrko
Hksts gSa A vk;ksx dh lcls cM+h miyfC/k ?kjsyw Çglk vf/kfu;e
ds laca/k esa efgyk dks mŸkjkf/kdkj esa laifŸk vf/kdkj
çkIr gksuk Hkh gS A fookg ds iathdj.k dh ckr Hkh py jgh gS
A cky fookg ij u;k vf/kfu;e cuk dj iathdj.k djkus Hkstk
x;k gS A cykRdkj ds dkuwu esa rCnhyh t:jh gS A blls lacaf/kr
fo/ks;d cukdj fn;k gS] ftlesa ihfM+r efgykvksa dk iquokZl
Hkh 'kkfey gS A çoklh Hkkjrh;ksa }kjk fookgksa esa Hkh
dkQh la[;k esa ?kjsyw Çglk dh f'kdk;rsa vk jgh gSa A bu
f'kdk;rksa ij dke py jgk gS A os';ko`fŸk cgqr cM+h leL;k
gS bl leL;k ls fucVus ds fy, Hkh fo/ks;d cukdj is'k fd;k
x;k gS ml ij vHkh cgl gksuh ckdh gS A
ljdkj ij ncko cukus ls gh fiNys rhu o"kks± ls tsaMj ctV vk
jgk gS vkSj gekjh dksf'k'k gS fd vkus okyh X;kjgoÈ iapo"kÊ;
;kstuk Hkh tsaMj vk/kkfjr ;kstuk gks A dk;ZLFky ij ;kSu
mRihM+u ij dkuwu cukdj geus ljdkj dks fn;k gS mlls
efgykvksa dks ykHk gksxkA blds vykok cgqr ls vNwrs fo"k;
tSls Mk;u çFkk] nsonklh çFkk ds tfj, efgykvksa ij vR;kpkj
gks jgs gSa ml ij Hkh dke py jgk gS A blds vykok ekufld
fodykax o 'kkjhfjd :i ls pqukSrhxzLr efgykvksa o cqtZqx
efgykvksa vkfn dh leL;k Hkh gekjh çkFkfedrk esa 'kkfey gSA
é
vDlj jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx ij narfoghu 'ksj gksus dk vkjksi
yxrk jgk gS ij blds ckotwn vius xBu ls ysdj vc rd jk"Vªh;
efgyk vk;ksx ds ikl ,sls lSdM+ksa mnkgj.k gS] ftuesa dbZ
efgykvksa dk thou cjckn gksus ls cpk;k x;k gS rks dHkh
fdlh efgyk dks mldk vf/kdkj fnyk;k tk ldk gS A vk;ksx dh
iwoZ v/;{kk eksfguh fxfj ,slk gh ,d vuqHko dks ;kn djrs gq,
crkrh gSa] é 15 vxLr dk fnu Fkk A iwjk fgUnqLrku viuh
vktknh dh 50oÈ o"kZxkB euk jgk Fkk gekjs ikl ,d efgyk us
eFkqjk ls Qksu fd;k fd dy vki yksx rks vktknh dk t'u
euk,axs ijUrq bl vkSjr dks Qkalh gks jgh gS A bls cpkb;s A
bldk nw/k ihrk cPpk gS A ge yksx QkSju jk"Vªifr dks fy[kk
A bykgkckn gkbZdksV esa vihy dh A iwjh jkr ge yksx cSBs
jgs A vkf[kj ml efgyk dks mlh fnu cpk;k tk ldk A ckn esa
mls vkthou dkjkokl dh ltk lquk;h x;h A é
vis{kk,a
vius vuqHko ds vk/kj ij eksfguh fxfj dgrh gSa] é vk;ksx
dks vkSj vf/kd l'kä cuk;k tkuk pkfg, A vxj bls lEeu djus
ds vf/kdkj fn;s x;s gSa rks bls tkap iM+rky ds vf/kdkj Hkh
fn, tkus pkfg, A é muds vuqlkj] é bV 'kqM ch baMhisMsaV
vkWVksukel ckWMh ,aM gkbZ,sLV vkWQ n vkMZj A é vk;ksx ds
lnL;ksa esa nks foi{k ds lnL; gksa] nks lnL; lŸkk/kkjh
ikVÊ ds rFkk nks çfrfuf/k lekt ds tkus&ekus yksx esa ls
gksa] tks fd ,d fudk; cukdj ,d ,sls lnL; dk pquko djsa tks
vk;ksx v/;{krk dj lds A lkeftd dk;ZdrkZ latuk dqekjh Hkh
ekurh gSa fd vk;ksx dk LVsVl cnyk tk, vkSj blds ctV dks
nqxquk&frxquk fd;k tk, A
vkt t:jr gS fd ,d efgyk dks miHkksx dh oLrq le>us dh ctk,
mls balku le>k tk, tks iq#"kksa ls fdlh Hkh ekeys esa
detksj ugÈ gS A vius çfr gksus okys fdlh Hkh tqYe ds
f[kykQ vkt oks lh/ks jk"Vªh; efgyk vk;ksx esa ;s f'kdk;r
dj ldrh gSa A ,sls esa ljdkj ls Hkh cgqr dqN visf{kr gS A
MkW- fxfjtk O;kl dgrh gSa] étc bl vk;ksx dk xBu gqvk Fkk]
rc ;g dYiuk Hkh ugÈ dh xbZ Fkh fd bls xkao vkSj <ka.kh ls
ysdj varjkZ"Vªh; txr esa Hkh tkuk tk,xk A vkt ds gkykr esa
geus dqN fjO;w ljdkj ds le{k is'k fd, gSa A cqfu;knh
vko';drk ;fn iwjh dj nh tk,a rks fuf'pr rkSj ij vk;ksx
ljdkj vkSj efgykvksa ds chp ,d egRoiw.kZ dM+h dk dke djsxk
A ¼ilwdk½ |
